The fluid within a mature open pitcher is a complex mixture of enzymes, bacteria, and prey carcasses.  Most of this liquid has been secreted by the plant itself, via the large glands located in the basal half of the pitcher.  It is usually slightly viscous (in some species extremely so) and insects soon sink and drown. Enzymatic and bacterial action dissolve the soft tissues of prey, releasing nutrients that are absorbed by the plant.  Rainwater, which would otherwise dilute the contents, is prevented from entering by the lid positioned over the pitcher mouth.  Plants in the wild often have pitchers which are heavy with accumulated insects, and at least one of the larger species has been recorded  catching rats.  Despite the fact that pitcher plants prey on insects, a number of animals such as spiders, flies and frogs live within the pitcher and depend upon it as a source of food and shelter.

In recent years there has been a great revival of interest in Nepenthes in the horticultural trade and it has been found that many species are not as difficult to cultivate as once believed.  Some have even been successfully grown as houseplants.  We have an extensive range of Nepenthes available for both serious collectors and first-time growers - you can find the complete list of plants we stock in our catalogue.